Who or what were the Amalekites ?                                 


                                                                                 Who or what were the Amalekites?

According to the Old Testament, a people known as the Amalekites existed in Canaan around 1300 BC—a group not found in standard history books. This blog reveals who these Amalekites were and whether they still exist today.

  • Contents:
  • 1.0 There were different groups of Amalekites.
  • 1.1 The Proto-Amalekites in Canaan.
  • 1.2 The Amalekites of Mount Seir.
  • 1.3 The Edomite Amalekites.
  • 1.4 The Celtic Amalekites.
  • 1.5 Summary.
  • 2.0 The Amalekites rule in Europe.
  • 3.0 The Hyksos-Amalekites.
  • 4.0 Summary.
  • 5.0 What the names of the Amalekites reveal about their origins.
  • 5.1 Horites.
  • 5.2 Agagites.
  • 5.3 Kites.
  • 5.4 Seir.
  • 5.5 Summary.
  • 6.0 Which Amalekites were the hostile Amalekites who opposed Israel?
  • 6.1 Proto-Amalekites.
  • 6.2 European Amalekites.
  • 6.3 The Amalekites of Mount Seir.
  • 7.0 Chronology of the Amalekites.
  • 8.0 Literature.

1.0 There were various groups of Amalekites.

1.1 The Proto-Amalekites

There was a people in ancient history—nowhere to be found in history books—who nevertheless played a significant role in the Old Testament accounts of Israel’s wars: the Amalekites. To this day, Jews use the name "Amalek" to refer to enemies of Israel. The Old Testament describes Amalek as the greatest nation around 1700 BC. In Numbers 24:20, a prophet declared: "And when he looked upon Amalek, he took up his discourse and said... 'Amalek was the first among the nations...'" For historians, however, the Amalekites as a major power are a phantom that never existed. Aside from the known great powers of that era—Egypt, Babylon, Assyria, Mitanni, and Hatti—no other major power is known, with the exception of the Hyksos, who ruled Egypt around 1700 BC. The Amalekites first appear during the time of Abraham in Genesis 14:7, when the Elamites attacked the Canaanites and Sodomites, forcing Abraham to strike back. These Amalekites were not hostile toward Abraham; rather, they were on his side. This occurred around 1900 BC. These were the Proto-Amalekites.

1.2 The Amalekites of Mount Seir

The Old Testament describes the Amalekites as the people of the Horites living in the mountains of Seir, ruled by various chieftains. The Seir mountain range takes its name from Mount Seir and is located near Petra, the historic cave city of the Nabataeans in Jordan.
According to Genesis 35:26, these Horite chieftains were:
Seir the Horite was the king, and his sons were the Horite chieftains: Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah, Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan. Lotan’s children were Hori and Hemam; Lotan’s sister was named Timna. Shobal’s sons were Alvan, Manahath, Ebal, Shepho, and Onam. Dishon’s sons were Hemdan, Eshban, Ithran, and Cheran.

---Some historians believe the Horites were the inhabitants of the caves at Petra. Consequently, they are often characterized as a backward, rustic people. As you will see later in the text, this was not the case; quite the opposite was true.

--Seir the Horite was also known as "Oron" and Hercules, the father of the Scythians.
--Hori was also the name of a Hyksos king of Egypt.
--Shobal was Hisbal, King of Spain.
--Eshban was also Hispan, King of Spain.

This occurred around 1700 BC—long before the Exodus of Israel from Egypt, which took place before 1400 BC.

Initially, prior to 1750 BC, the Proto-Amalekites shared the region around Mount Seir with the brothers of Israel—the Edomites (descendants of Esau). However, the Edomites later drove the Amalekites out of the Seir mountains. Around 1450 BC, the Amalekites appeared as a massive army on the Egyptian border and waged war against Israel, which had just escaped slavery in Egypt. Exodus 17:8. Later, the Amalekites allied themselves with the Midianites and fielded a vast army (Judges 7:12). King David of Israel eventually drove the last of the Amalekites out of the hill country of Seir (1 Chronicles 4:42). This took place around 1000 BC.

1.3 The Edomite-Amalekites

As previously mentioned, around 1800 BC, the Proto-Amalekites shared the mountainous region of Seir with the Edomites. The Edomites were the descendants of Esau—the son of Isaac and grandson of Abraham—making them the brothers of the Israelites. Consequently, the Edomites and Amalekites intermingled. Esau had a son named Eliphaz, who married an Amalekite woman named Timna. They named their son Amalek, after her ancestor; he became a tribal chief among Esau’s descendants (Genesis 36:16). These were the "Edomite-Amalekites." They became one of the Edomite peoples associated with Teman, a major chieftain of Edom. Originally, they were not enemies of Israel, as they were considered Edomites.

1.4 The Celtic-Amalekites

The *Bavarian Chronicle*, the Egyptian priest Manetho, and the Jewish historian Josephus describe Seir the Horite as Oron—or Hercules Lybicus—a king of Egypt who subjugated Libya and came to Europe around 1800 BC [1]. Seir is said to have fathered five sons with the Celtic princess Araxa, daughter of the Celtic King Gambar: Tuscus, Scyth, Agathyrsus, Peusinger, and Gutho. The peoples descended from these sons are known as the Tuscans (in Italy), Scythians, Agathyrsi, Bastarnae, and Getae—groups that lived along the northern coast of the Black Sea around 500 BC [1]. Italus Atlantus Kittim, a descendant of Tuscus, also ruled over Kittim (Cyprus). Herodotus described the Agathyrsi as descendants of Heracles. The syllable "agag"—associated with the Amalekites—can be found within the name "Agathyrsi." According to English accounts, the Danish King Odin brought Agathyrsi to England around 800 BC, where they intermixed with the Picts. These were the Celtic-Amalekites in Europe.

2.0 The Amalekites rule in Europe.

Hercules—Seir the Horite—was also King of Spain. It is reported [1] that he seized power in Spain and Italy. By ruling Spain and Cyprus, he also held dominion over the seafaring nations of Tarshish and Kittim. Thus, Seir the Horite was also King of Tarshish and Kittim, the great seafaring peoples of that era. Seir is said to have been a gigantic warrior. He reportedly fought in the Bay of Biscay as well; he therefore possessed ships and ruled over France and England [1]. Seir was allied with Epher and Epha—sons of Keturah (Abraham’s second wife)—who served as his generals. In 1800 BC, he installed his son Hispal as King of Spain. Hispal built the city of Hispalis (also known as Sepila or Sevilla) in Spain. He installed Tuscus as King of Italy; his name lives on in Tuscany. Hispal was none other than Sobal, mentioned in Genesis 35:26 (1.1) of the Old Testament. His successor was Hispan—identified in (1.1) as Esban, the grandson of Seir the Horite. Spain derives its name—"Espania"—from him. This demonstrates that the Amalekites were not a small, obscure people. In the Old Testament, the Amalekites are described as the greatest nation prior to the time of Moses (Numbers 24:20).

3.0 The Hyksos-Amalekites

The Hyksos were a white people who assumed rule over Lower Egypt for 150 years, starting in 1800 BC. The Egyptians called the Hyksos the "evil Amu from the East." The Hyksos possessed two seaports, meaning they were also seafarers. Seir the Horite, the king of the Amalekites, is described in ancient texts [1] as the King of Egypt. The Amalekites of Mount Seir were part of the Hyksos. The Egyptians called the Hyksos "Amu," which could be a shortened form of "Ama"-lek. As described in section 2.0, Seir the Horite was also king over the seafarers of Tarshish and Kittim in Anatolia and Cyprus. The Hyksos in Egypt had two seaports on the Mediterranean.
Thus, the Amalekites were the Hyksos, or part of the Hyksos.

4.0 Let us summarize:

There were four different groups of Amalekites:
1----Proto-Amalekites in Canaan.
2----Amalekites; Horites in Canaan, Hyksos in Egypt, rulers of Southern Europe and the Mediterranean.
3----Edomite Amalekites.
4----Celtic Amalekites; Scythians on the Black Sea, in Austria and Bavaria.
Seir the Horite was, around 1700 BC:
1----King of the Amalekites.
2----Lord of the Hyksos.
2----King of Egypt.
3----King of the Celtic Scythians.
4----Lord over Tarshish in Anatolia, Spain, and Tuscany.
6-----Lord over Kittim in Cyprus and Italy.

5.0 What the names of the Amalekites reveal about their origins.

The following names associated with the Amalekites can assist in tracing their origins: 
Amalekite>>> Amu, Ama, Kit, Seir, Agag, Hor:

5.1 Horites.

The name "Horite" (applied to the Amalekites) is reminiscent of Horus, the Egyptian god whose name has been deciphered as "Kad, Son of the Sun." An Amalekite prince bore the name "Hor," and a Hyksos king in Egypt was also named "Hor." The Amalekites are referred to as Horites; they were therefore sons of the sun, as well as Hurrians, Scythians, and white Egyptians.

5.2 Agagites.

In Numbers 24:20, the Amalekites are also referred to as Agagites. One of their kings also styled himself Agag. The word immediately brings to mind Magog, a descendant of Japheth (Genesis 10). Source [1] notes that the descendants of Magog migrated from the Caucasus northward as far as Finland and northern Russia. If the Amalekites were descendants of Magog, that would imply the exact opposite direction—southward. However, this is unlikely.
---Yet, elsewhere in the Old Testament, a figure named Gog appears in connection with Magog—a figure not mentioned in the Table of Nations in Genesis 10. Ezekiel 38:3 states: "Thus says the Lord God: Gog, prince of Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal..." This Gog is the ruler over Russia, Moscow, and Tobolsk. The name Gog points to Agag and the Amalekites. This raises the question: How did an Amalekite come to be a ruler in Russia?
---In the course of history, there was another similar figure named Gog—specifically, Gugu. A king of the Lydians called himself "Gugu." The Lydians were Arameans, descendants of Aram's son Lud. Could the Amalekites have been Arameans? Arameans are considered Aryans or Indo-Europeans. The Amalekites called themselves Agag because they considered themselves huge, strong, and great—which indeed they were.
---Agag (or Akad) was a name or title widespread in the Near East at that time. The capital of the Akkadians was named Agadu, and Sargon styled himself the "Great Kad," much like the Pharaoh Horus of Egypt. "Kad" was the title of a sun priest. The name Gag or Gog signifies "great" or "huge"; it also points to "Kad" (or "Sak"), the sun god of the Scythians. Thus, "Agagite" signifies "sun-worshipper" or "Scythian.
"
5.3 Kites.

The designation "Kites" for the Amalekites also points to the Scythians. Thus, the Amalekites were of Scythian origin. However, a distinction must be made between Eastern Scythians and Western Scythians. Western Scythians lived along the northern coast of the Black Sea and in northern Persia. Eastern Scythians—descendants of Japheth, the son of Noah—lived further north. In Egyptian sources, the Kites are described as a people in Aram-Naharaim, along the upper reaches of the Euphrates. The Amalekites were therefore most likely Western Scythians and Arameans. Since the name "Agagite" (mentioned in section 5.2) also points to the Arameans, the conclusion is clear: the Amalekites were Scythians and Arameans.

5.4 Seir.

The name "Seir" of the Horite is reminiscent of Syria and the Syr Darya river, of Sar, Sir, Sara, and *Herr* [4]—thus of Aryans, Hurrians, and Arameans. The Amalekites were Aryans, Indo-Europeans.

5.5 Amu, Ama.

The syllable "Ama" found in *Amal-ekiter* appears across the region stretching from the land of the Scythians—spanning the area from the Don River and the Crimean Peninsula—all the way to Syria. This was the land of the "Ama"zons—the female warriors of the Scythians living by the Black Sea. The Egyptians referred to the inhabitants of this region as "Amu," a term they used to designate the hostile Hyksos. The name "Sea of ​​Azov" derives from "Sea of ​​Uz," as Arameans belonging to the people of Uz—from a region extending beyond the Caspian Sea (modern-day Uzbekistan)—once lived there. The term "Amalekiter" bears a strong resemblance to the Egyptian designation "Amu" for the Hyksos. "Amu" is a simplified form of the Egyptian word *Ramu* (or *Ram*), referring to the Arameans.
----The Amalekites were thus Arameans, descendants of Aram, the grandson of Noah.
Ramesses III of Egypt (1200 BC) described the land of Amara as the land of Kid (Scythians). Abraham, too—as indicated by his original name, Abram (Ibramu)—hailed from Ur in the land of Amu; "Ur" signifies both territory and fortress. Abraham’s daughter-in-law Rebekah was also an Aramean, according to the Old Testament. The Arameans are also referred to as "Amurru" (Amurru = Amu-ur = Aramean-Aryan). They spread across the known world of that era. They were Aryans and named one of their cities Mari. The Hyksos were also Arameans [3]. The Elamites, too, were originally known as Elamu and came from the region along the upper reaches of the Euphrates.

5.5 Summary:

The names of the Amalekites reveal their origins; they were originally:
Scythians, Hurrians, Arameans, Aryans = Indo-Europeans.

6.0 Which Amalekites were the hostile Amalekites who opposed Israel?

6.1 Proto-Amalekites.

As previously described, the Proto-Amalekites were peacefully disposed toward Abraham.

6.2 European Amalekites.

The European descendants of Seir the Horite—the Sciri and Bastarnae, Getae and Agathyrsi—appeared in the Balkans around 300 BC. This was 1,300 years after the time of Seir the Horite; thus, they had no connection to the wars in Canaan. However, the Bastarnae did conduct raids and were known for being very warlike. The Bastarnae were eventually absorbed by the Sciri. Around AD 500, the Sciri became part of the newly founded state of Bavaria, which was composed of five Germanic and Celtic peoples. Consequently, a small Amalekite heritage exists in Bavaria and Austria—just as it does in England, where the Danish King Odin brought the Agathyrsi around 1000 BC.

6.3 The Amalekites of Mount Seir.

The Amalekites were driven out of the mountains of Seir; subsequently, around 1400 BC, they waged war against Israel in the desert. It was, therefore, the Amalekites expelled from the mountains of Seir who fought against Israel. Later, during the time of the Judges, they allied with the Midianites against Israel. Judges 6:3 states: "And so it was, when Israel had sown, that the Midianites and the Amalekites and the people of the East (Hurrians) would come up against them." After this, nothing more is heard of the Amalekites. The Midianites, together with the Hurrians, founded the Kingdom of Mitanni. The Amalekites were likely absorbed by the Midianites; thus, the Midianites possessed an Amalekite heritage within their people. The warlike Amalekites live on in the descendants of the Midianites. The kings of the Midianites bore the name Ros. This name reappears among the Russian peoples. An Amalekite heritage can also be found there today. As I described in section 5.2, an Amalekite named "Gog" is depicted as a ruler in Russia.

6.4 Edomite Amalekites

The Edomite Amalekites were considered a people of Edom; between 1880 BC and the time of Solomon (1000 BC), no war against Israel originated from Edom. However, by the time of the prophets (700 BC), the situation had changed, and Edom became one of Israel's arch-enemies. The warlike attitude of the Amalekites persisted among the descendants of Edom to this day. According to ancient sources, the king of Northern Persia was a certain Hushang [2]. According to Genesis 36:34, Husam was the king of the Edomites. He was the son of Siyamak. The name Siyamak—or Sij-amalek—suggests that it was Edomite Amalekites who had assumed power in Persia. Thus, the Amalekites had spread into Persia. A grandson of Hushang was Turk. Turk's son is said to have been Phirouz. The name "Persia" is said to originate from this. All Turks are said to derive their name from Turk [3]. Consequently, Edomite Amalekites can be found today in Persia and among the Turkic peoples. The fact that they were Amalekites is proven by the fact that Haman, who persecuted Israel in Persia, was an Agagite (Esther 3:11).

7.0 Chronology of the Amalekites
(approximate dates)

~1950 BC: Peaceful Proto-Amalekites lived in Canaan. Abraham was in Haran.

~1850 BC: Amalekites and Horites live peacefully in the mountains of Seir.

~1750 BC: The Edomites drive the Horites out of the mountains of Seir.

Seir the Horite is in Europe and, with Araxa (the Celtic king's daughter),

has the sons: Tuscus, Schüth, Agatyrsus, and Gutho.

~1700 BC: Seir the Horite—King of Egypt—is a Hyksos king and rules Spain, England, Tuscany, Tarshish, and Kittim (Anatolia and Cyprus). The Hyksos rule Egypt.

~1550 BC: The expulsion of the Hyksos from Egypt.

~1430 BC: The Exodus of Israel from Egypt; the war with the Amalekites in the desert.

~1100 BC: The Amalekites were allies of the Midianites in the war against Israel.

~1000 BC: King David drives the last Amalekites out of the mountains of Seir.

King Solomon's great Kingdom of Israel.

~800 BC: The Edomite Hushang is King of Persia. The Edomites migrate to

Persia and southern Russia and become Turkic peoples. The Edomite-Amalekites are in Persia and southern Russia.

~550 BC: Haman the Agagite persecutes the Israelites in Persia.

8.0 Literatur.

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